Corneal dystrophies are a group of inherited disorders that cause gradual changes in the structure and clarity of the cornea, the transparent front surface of the eye. They occur when abnormal material builds up within the corneal layers, leading to clouding, thinning, or irregularity.
Depending on the type, symptoms may include blurred or distorted vision, light sensitivity, recurrent eye pain, or a foreign body sensation. While some dystrophies progress slowly and cause only minor disturbances, others can significantly reduce visual quality over time and may require treatments such as corneal transplantation.
The surgeon precisely removes the affected tissue using a trephine or a femtosecond laser. The donated cornea is then shaped and carefully secured with fine sutures. This procedure restores corneal transparency and curvature, thereby improving vision.